The third-generation wide band gap semiconductor materials are represented by silicon carbide (SiC), gallium nitride (GaN), zinc oxide (ZnO), diamond and aluminum nitride (AlN), which are applied mainly in semiconductor lighting, power electronics, laser and probing equipment and other fields; each filed is on a different phase of development. In the cutting-edge research fields, the wide band gap semiconductor is still in lab research stage and in the future will see wide applications in photoelectronic components, power electronics fields, etc. Its excellent performance will enable it to play a significant role in multiple modern industries with huge market potential and prospects in the future.